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Industrial Revolution
I
  I & Me  ·  Ibiza  ·  Ice & Iceberg  ·  Ice Hockey & Ice Sports  ·  Ice-Age  ·  Iceland  ·  Icon  ·  Idaho  ·  Idea  ·  Ideal & Idealism  ·  Identity & Identity Card  ·  Idiot  ·  Idle & Idleness  ·  Idol  ·  Ignorance & Ignorant  ·  Ill & Illness  ·  Illinois  ·  Illuminati  ·  Illusion  ·  Image  ·  Imagine & Imagination  ·  IMF & International Monetary Fund  ·  Imitation  ·  Immigration  ·  Immorality  ·  Immortal & Immortality  ·  Immunity & Immunology  ·  Impatience  ·  Imports  ·  Impossible  ·  Impulse & Impulsive  ·  Inca & Incas  ·  Incest  ·  Income  ·  India  ·  Indiana  ·  Individual (I)  ·  Individual (II)  ·  Indonesia  ·  Industrial Action  ·  Industrial Revolution  ·  Industry  ·  Inequality  ·  Inferior & Inferiority  ·  Infinity  ·  Inflation  ·  Information  ·  Inheritance  ·  Injury  ·  Injustice  ·  Innocence  ·  Inquiry  ·  Inquisition  ·  Insane & Insanity  ·  Insects  ·  Inspiration  ·  Instinct  ·  Institution  ·  Insults (I)  ·  Insults (II)  ·  Insurance  ·  Integrity  ·  Intelligence & Intellect  ·  Intelligence Services & Agencies  ·  Intelligent Design  ·  Interest  ·  Internationalism  ·  Internet (I)  ·  Internet (II)  ·  Internment  ·  Interpretation  ·  Intolerance  ·  Intuition  ·  Invention & Inventor  ·  Investigation  ·  Investment  ·  Invisible  ·  Io (Jupiter)  ·  Iowa  ·  IRA & Irish Republican Army  ·  Iran & Iranians  ·  Iraq & Iraqis (I)  ·  Iraq & Iraqis (II)  ·  Iraq & Iraqis (III)  ·  Ireland & Irish  ·  Iron  ·  Iron Age  ·  Irony & Ironic  ·  Irrational  ·  Isaac (Bible)  ·  Isaiah (Bible)  ·  Isis & Islamic State  ·  Isis (Egypt)  ·  Islam  ·  Island  ·  Isolation  ·  Israel & Israelis  ·  Italy & Italians  ·  Ivory Coast  

★ Industrial Revolution

Originally there were nine of these winding-engine houses, and this is the only one left.  And it actually still works.  ibid.

 

As the railway network spread across the country it was the locomotive that won the day.  ibid.

 

The development of the railways wasn’t straightforward, especially when the great engineer Isambard Kingdom Brunel was involved.  While Britain’s network had developed with a four-foot-eight-and-a half-inch gauge, Brunel’s Great Western Railway was built with a completely different seven-foot-and-a-quarter-inch gauge ... They did away with Mr Brunel’s extra line on the outside.  A shame really.  ibid.

 

In spite of losing the battle of the gauges, Great Western Railway went from strength to strength.  And in 1902 they appointed George Jackson Churchward as their locative superintendent, and he produced a range of designs that were far ahead of their time and very successful.  ibid.

 

Between 1804 and 1971 Britain built an incredible one hundred and ten thousand steam locomotives.  ibid.

 

 

Then steam power was introduced to the oceans to make sea travel between the continents faster.  Fred Dibnah’s Age of Steam e5: Steam on the Water

 

The triple expansion engine turns a screw propeller, and it’s this that powers the ship through the water.  And very nice it is too.  But the first steam-powered ships were propelled by paddle wheels like this.  ibid. 

 

It was one of my heroes Isambard Kingdom Brunel who made the breakthrough.  The SS Great Britain was built by Brunel.  It was one of the outstanding engineering achievements of the Victorian age.  ibid.

 

Brunel went on to build a bigger ship – the Great Eastern.  ibid.

 

By the end of the nineteenth century the steam engine was being put to a wide range of uses.  ibid.

 

‘I name this ship Britannia’ ... Three steam turbines that generate all the electricity for the ship.  ibid.

 

 

The steam turbine was invented by Charles Parsons.  Fred Dibnah’s Age of Steam e6: Steam and the Modern Age

 

Steam power was developed here in Britain, and it’s one of our unique contributions to history.  ibid.

 

 

The Lake District isn’t really an area most people associate with our industrial past and heavy industry.  Once upon a time round Workington and Barrow in Furnace there were great industrial centres and they mined iron ore in the hundreds of tons, and it were some of the best iron ore in all of England.  You know.  Alas, it’s all gone.  Fred Dibnah’s Made in Britain e3: The Source of Iron

 

All the ore mined at the Florence mine came here to the Workington steel works where is were converted by Bessemer converters into steel to manufacture railway lines.  ibid.

 

 

We’re now in Falkirk which of course was the place where the industrial revolution in Scotland all started.  And here there is a great iron foundry called the Carron Iron Works that were opened in 1760.  After thirty years it employed a thousand men and became the biggest iron smelting plant in the whole of Europe.  Fred Dinah’s Made in Britain e4: Castings   

 

In 1950 there were more than two-hundred foundries like this in central Scotland.  Now this is one of the only ones left.  Ibid

 

 

I’m on my way to Sunderland to look at a great pumping station that was built to cater for the ever increasing demand for more water.  With the invention of the steam engine far more water was needed than ever before to run the engines and equip Britain’s industries.  This is Ryhope Pumping Station.  Fred Dibnah’s Made in Britain e5: Water and Boilers

 

Boiler-making were one of Britain’s most important industries.  They even had their own boiler-makers’ union.  ibid.  

 

 

A hundred years ago when Fred’s engine was built there were over five thousand forges like this all over Britain.  Now there are no more than a hundred.  Fred Dibnah’s Made in Britain e6: The Road to Steel City

 

It’s a museum that tells the story of early steel making here in Sheffield – Abbeydale industrial hamlet.  ibid.

 

 

It’s amazing how many different makers there were of these things [steam engines].  Fred Dibnah’s Made in Britain e9: Engines at Work

 

Chains made in the Black Country were renowned for their quality all over the world.  At the end of the nineteenth century 90% of all the chain workshops in England and Wales were here in the black country.  ibid.

 

 

Our engine is actually steered by chains.  Weve come here to the Black Country Museum to see a gentleman making chains in exactly the same way as this chain would have been made in 1912, without any fancy electric welding or anything like that.  Fred Dibnahs Made in Britain e10: Chains and Copper

 

 

In the great days of steam railways there were like two routes up England  one up the West Coast and one up the East Coast.  In 1893 the Great Central built one up the middle.  Fred Dibnah’s Made in Britain s1e12: A Lifetime’s Achivement

 

 

Fred Dibnah will always be remembered for his passions for steeplejacking and steam.  And for his love for the industrial landscape that surrounded him when he was growing up in Bolton in the 1940s.  Fred Dibnah’s World of Steam, Steel and Stone e1: The Industrial Landscape, BBC 2006 

 

In the 60 years since then our urban and industrial landscape has changed dramatically as whole industries have disappeared.  ibid.  

 

‘Fred had a talent for making that [industrial history] very interesting for people.’  ibid.  lecturer

 

Their lives were totally ruled by the noise of the gearing and the engine ... It’s unbelievable violent ... When all these [looms] machines were running the decibels must have been unbelievable.  ibid.  Fred    

 

‘I’m really more interested in the mechanics of it all.’  ibid.  Fred

 

Ironbridge: This is the world’s first cast-iron bridge.  Iron was so important round here that this place was regarded as the beginning or the cradle of the industrial revolution.  It wasn’t just bridges they made here.  ibid. 

 

‘Up until the 1850s they only really cast-iron, you know.  And they really needed something a bit tougher.  And along came Henry Bessemer in 1855 and he invented this thing  a giant eggcup.’  ibid.  Fred  

 

This has got to be the biggest winding engine left in the world.  And it were made about 1905 and it kept on running until the 1970s.  And I’m now going to do a demonsteration [sic] of how fast you can put it in reverse from full steam forwards to backwards.  And here we go.  Did you like that?  I did.  ibid.

 

 

Between 1710 and 1712 Thomas Newcomen invented a brand new type of steam-engine – the atmospheric engine which was designed solely for one purpose – to pump water from deep mine shafts.  Fred Dibnah’s World of Steam, Steel and Stone e3: The Machines That Changed the World

 

Trevithick’s use of strong steam meant that you could build an engine that weighed about ten tons that would do the same work as an engine that weighed six hundred and fifty tons.  ibid.

 

Steam was only introduced really to help out the waterwheel.  ibid.

 

James Watt ... separated the condensing department from the cylinder.  ibid.

 

 

Robert Stephenson and his company of course didn’t just build locomotives, they built the lines and the bridges and all the engineering works.  Fred Dibnahs World of Steam, Steel and Stone e4: Men of Steel

 

By 1847 Armstrong had given up practising law; he opened his Elswick works on the banks of the River Tyne where he manufactured hydraulics and all sorts of other engineering equipment.  ibid.

 

By 1867 the Armstrong company had begun to build iron warships, and in the first fifteen years they built twenty.  ibid.

 

The greatest armament supplier of the time.  ibid.

 

By the 1890s the manufacture of arms and battleships had become one of our major industries.  ibid.

 

 

The magnificent town hall like this one here in Bolton is a grand example of Victorian civic pride … It really was the great age of Victorian splendour.  Fred Dibnahs World of Steam, Steel and Stone e5: The Victorian Gentleman

 

The Victorians went to great lengths to make things very beautiful as well as functional.  ibid.  

 

Pugin called St Giles his gem.  ibid.  

 

 

That wonderful smell, and fog, and coal, and black oil everywhere.  To me it were quite romantic.  Fred Dibnah’s World of Steam, Steel and Stone e7: All Steamed Up

 

 

It’s all very sad really that it’s practically all gone.  Fred Dibnah’s World of Steam, Steel and Stone e8: Riches Beneath the Earth

 

It was the growth in iron production that led to the great increase in the demand for coal.  ibid.

 

It is really a bit unusual to have a pit-head gear in your back garden ... I’ve got this plan to actually build a replica coal mine in me garden.  ibid.

 

Real mining men.  ibid.

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