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<D>
Drugs (III)
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★ Drugs (III)

[jaunty music] Liverpool.  A world city at the heart of the new county of Merseyside.  It’s a city full of contrasts.  A kaleidoscope of contradictions …  Liverpool Narcos I: Heroin, public information film, Sky Documentaries 2021 

 

We don’t class ourselves as being English: we’re the People’s Republic of Liverpool [laughs].  ibid.  old lady in greenhouse

 

We have a degree of accepted lawlessness here.  It’s like Cowboys and Indians.  They don’t follow the rules ’cause they’re outlaws … the epicentre of drugs … Welcome to Liverpool.  ibid.  comments

 

What was it about Liverpool that made it such a big player in the drug trade?  The docks?  ibid.  Michael Showers, the boss  

 

The hard part was getting it off [ship].  Customs were very very alert in Liverpool.  Our firm had people who had relatives in senior positions.  And that was it.  It was just a matter of choosing the right time for them to take it off.  Then pass it over to our sales division.  And our sales division did their work.  And then when I came home, just counted the money.  ibid.      

 

Pleading guilty at 15 to something I hadn’t done was my greatest regret.  My greatest regret.  Because that started it all.  ibid.      

 

In the 80s a number of things conspired to bring brown smokeable heroin to Liverpool … 47% of black workers unemployed, 43% of white workers [news clip] … No opportunities whatsoever … Young people weren’t of any value to society, or so they felt.  And then of course we had the Toxteth riots in ’81 … A visitor from the US came in the 80s and said, This is like Beirut.  This is like a bombed-out shell, a husk of a city and a number of other things.  ibid.  comments

 

The game-changer was a cheap, high-grade smoking heroin became available.  It was from Pakistan.  And I’ve got Pakistani family.  So I immediately kind of seized the opportunity to capitalize on that.  Yeah.  ibid.    

 

Samples: if you went to source in Pershawa, you can buy a kilo over there for £2,500, 3K.  Yeah, and that would be 80-90%. ibid.  

 

It was like total destruction.  It spread like cancer.    Straightening out your foil, putting in your little bit of powder, at the corner where you wanted it.  Getting a little pleat in your foil.  Tilting it a little bit.  Your flame underneath the powder.  And then inhaling.  Everything seemed to slow down a bit.  You feel comfortably numb.  No more worries, no stress, nuttin’, just comfy.  ibid.  Billy Moore   

 

It was an epidemic that happened in this city.  You know this city was flooded with narcotics.  ibid.  

 

Everyone’s on heroin?  How the hell did that happen?  ibid.  

 

Operation Rainman surveillance … Suddenly, these guys were doing seriously well.  And flaunting it.  And that kind of rankled with us.  So we kind of took that personal.  ibid.  rozzers  

 

This was the early 80s.  You drove around in a white Rolls Royce?  ibid.  rozzers to Showers  

 

So in 1983 the police tried to prosecute Michael Showers for the second time in short succession.  On this occasion it was for possession of a firearm, cannabis, and heroin.  The case collapsed in court.  And Michael Showers to this day maintains that the case was never legitimate against him.  In effect he was fitted up.  ibid. 

 

British Customs subsequently bring the heroin into the UK.  ibid.    

 

Rozzer: You were convicted of smuggling heroin?  

 

Showers: Yes, convicted on fabricated evidence by Her Majesty’s Customs and Excise.  ibid.  

 

And he was sentenced to 20 years in prison.  Which for that amount of drugs was extraordinary … The system wanted to make an example of him.  ibid.  

 

In 1991 Michael went to prison for 20 years.  He served 10.  Then in 2010 he was arrested in Turkey and charged with intent to supply heroin internationally.  He denied the charges but was sentenced to 10 years in a Turkish prison.  He returned home to Liverpool in 2016.  ibid.  

 

 

It’s long been known that German soldiers used a form of Methamphetamine called Pervitin during the Second World War.  But have tales of Nazis on speed diverted attention away from the other side of the story: the widespread use of stimulants by British and American troops?  Did WWII unleash the world’s first pharmacological arms race?  James Holland, World War Speed: The Drugs that Won WWII, BBC 2019

 

Many Nazis including the Fuhrer himself were heavy drug users.  ibid.

 

Even more than keeping troops awake, British commanders wanted a pill that made men fearless.  ibid.        

 

Benzedrine had been introduced to the UK in 1935.’  ibid.  expert  

 

Whether Monty himself brought Benzedrine into the desert and whether he saw it as a moral builder … Orders for Benzedrine came straight from the top.  ibid.

 

 

‘Here in Argentina it is known as Burundanga; it’s a drug that has an immediate effect.’  Scam City s1e1: Buenos Aires, bird in hotel room, National Geographic 2012

 

 

An aggressive criminalisation of the poor … The poor are thrown into prison and must forfeit all their property for being caught with small amounts of the same drugs.  Chris Hedges, lecture New York Sanctuary for Independent Media, ‘American Anomie’, Youtube 2.01.07, 2018

 

 

Drug crime is shifting from many big cities to the countryside.  In the last five years the number of offences has fallen in urban areas but risen in rural ones.  Drugsland: Going Country, BBC news, BBC 2022

 

 

Just being a little compassionate and understanding that being addicted to something shouldn’t been treated as going on a murderous rampage and punished with decades of imprisonment … a public health issue and not a criminal issue.   The Secret History of Drugs and Capitalism, Youtube 16.17, Second Thought 2022

 

We went from a world where drugs were just another part of life to a world where drugs because deeply embedded in our global power structures, often for the worse.  ibid.  

 

In the US alone, somewhere between a quarter and a half million people are in jail for drug offences.  ibid.  

 

 

The opioid crisis is largely a product of the marketing efforts by Purdue and the Sackler family … The nearly 140 opioid-related deaths a day we have here in the States.  The Opioid Crisis is Much Worse than You Think, Youtube 18.58, Second Thought 2021

 

‘The ability to supply, withhold, stockpile and police drugs, and to influence the public conversation about drugs, has been central to projections of US imperial power since the middle of the 20th century’.  ibid.  Suzanna Reiss, We Sell Drugs: The Alchemy of US Empire  

 

Pleasurable drug use is so contradictory to the Calvanist culture America has been its identity around.  ibid. 

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